This term refers to an ulcer found either in the lower end of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum and is caused by the destruction of the mucosa.
Types
- Gastric ulcer
- Duodenal ulcer
- Both together are called 'Peptic ulcer'
Etiology/Causation
- Acid theory: High hydrochloric acid secretion is a common accompaniment of peptic ulcer
- Mucous theory: When the mucus secretion which has got the quality of protecting the gastric
- The mucosa is either diminished in quantity or altered in quality, the stomach gets injured easily
- H. Pylori: Helicobacter pylori is an organism that is found in gastric mucosa, responsible for the majority of duodenal and gastric ulcers. It is prevalence may be as high as 70%
- Hormonal theory: Duodenal ulcer is rare in women of reproductive age. It is rarely found in pregnancy also. Zollinger Ellison Syndrome, Multiple adenoma syndrome. Hyperparathyroidism.
- Neural theory: Abnormal vagal impulses from the hypothalamus are responsible for vascular spasms and ischemia, leading to necrosis and also it increases the secretion of HCL
- NSAID induced ulcer
- Constitutional factors: Heredity:
- Duodenal ulcers have got a familial trait
- ABO blood groups: It occurs maximum in blood group 'O'- Duodenal, 'A'- Gastric
- People from Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.
- Stress: may result from physical or mental stress or a surgical operation
- Tobacco smoking and drugs
- Patient with rheumatoid arthritis
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cirrhosis of the liver, and chronic renal failure.
Symptoms
- Dyspepsia: Initially intermittent, ultimately becomes permanent, may occur especially during winter
- Pain
- Location: usually in the epigastric region, the lower part of the chest
- Character: usually burning or sometimes stitching
- Relation with food: Pain comes 2 to 3 hours after the meals
- Relief of the pain: Antacids, food, and sometimes even water relieve the pain of a duodenal ulcer, vomiting may also reduce pain. But pain is aggravated by eating in cases of gastric ulcer
Signs
- Accurate localization of the pain
- Localized pain and tenderness over upper rectus muscles
Investigations
- Barium meal X-Ray follow-through
- Gastroscopy
- Laboratory studies: Occult blood test in stool
- H. Pylori detection from gastric mucosal biopsy
Complications
- Hemorrhage
- Perforation 5% to 10% cases
- Penetration in pancreas
- Sub diaphragmatic abscess
- Gastric outlet obstruction
Treatment
- Rest to the body
- Rest to the mind
- Rest to the ulcer- proper diet and medication
- Prohibition of smoking and alcohol
- Surgical treatment when:
- Medical treatment fails
- Pyloric stenosis
- Hemorrhages severe or recurrent
- Perforation
- Jejunal ulcer following gastro-jejunostomy
Homeopathic medicines
Arsenicum album 3
2 drops twice daily
Hydrastis Q
Ten drops twice daily with half a cup of water
besides, there are many effective homeopathic medicines that can control even cured this ulcer such as Anacardium Ori, Argentum Nit, etc.
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